The Mafia theme in the writings of Luigi Pirandello was highlighted first and foremost by Leonardo Sciascia, noticing its recurrence in the novel I vecchi e i giovani. Subsequently, critics such as Pietro Mazzamuto and Massimo Onofri looked further into the matter, particularly through their reading of a number of Pirandello’s short stories set in Sicily. In this essay I analyse the short story La lega disciolta – from the collection Novelle per un anno – set in the aftermath of the tragic union struggles of the “Fasci siciliani”. The protagonist is some sort of peasant organizer, while at the same time a Mafia man. Within Pirandello’s anti-Socialist and ‘Sicilianist’ ideology, it looks like only Mafia methods can achieve justice for Sicilian peasants.