Le Royal Society, Port Royal and the Great Trans-Atlantic Earthquake of 1692

Louis D. Gerdelan

  • Pagine:   845-874
  • Prezzo:   7,00 
  • Rivista:   Studi Storici
  • Fascicolo:   4/2019 – Studi Storici
  • DOI:   10.7375/96516
In breve

In June 1692, the island of Jamaica experienced a catastrophic earthquake, all but destroying the town of Port Royal. For the intellectuals of the Royal Society in London, this event presented an unprecedented opportunity to study the causes of seismic phenomena and to test theories involving subterranean combustion. What made this episode even more disturbing and fascinating, however, was that many in England believed the disaster to be somehow connected to subsequent tremors in north-western Europe. This conclusion was largely a consequence of the way in which information about the events circulated. Obtaining details about these seismic episodes from personal correspondents, government connections and printed pamphlets, the natural philosophers of the Royal Society tried to imagine how an earthquake could travel across the seas to shake distant lands. In doing so, they debated the possibilities of underground chemical reactions, the nature of motion, and the operations of divine providence. These early attempts to theorise about earthquake propagation challenged deep-rooted ideas about the narrowness of seismic zones by producing creative visions of global interconnections. More­over, exploring the mystery of the alleged trans-Atlantic earthquake spurred think­ing about the deep structure of the earth, the constitution of the atmosphere, and God’s role in earthly events.

Keywords: 1692 Jamaica earthquake, history of seismology, science and religion, Atlantic history, British Empire.

Nel giugno del 1692 la Giamaica fu colpita da un forte terremoto, che quasi dis­trusse la città di Port Royal. Per i membri della Royal Society questo evento costituí un’inedita opportunità di studiare le cause dei fenomeni sismici e di verificare le teorie sulle combustioni sotterranee. Tuttavia, a rendere questo evento ancor piú affascinante e inquietante fu il fatto che in Inghilterra molti credettero che esso fosse in qualche modo collegato a scosse avvertite nello stesso periodo in Europa nord-occidentale. Questa supposizione era dovuta, in larga parte, anche al modo in cui le notizie sugli eventi circolarono, poiché i naturalisti della Royal Society ottennero informazioni su questi episodi da corrispondenti personali e referenti istituzionali o tramite opuscoli a stampa. Essi cercarono cosí d’immaginare come un terremoto potesse attraversare i mari per scuotere terre lontane, e lo fecero dibattendo sulla possibilità di reazioni chimiche sotterranee, sui movimenti natu­rali e sugli interventi della divina provvidenza. Questi primi tentativi di spiegare la propagazione delle scosse misero in discussione idee profondamente radicate sull’estensione limitata delle zone sismiche e stimolarono originali ipotesi di in­terconnessioni globali. Inoltre, l’indagine sugli aspetti indecifrabili del presunto terremoto transatlantico suscitò riflessioni sulla struttura profonda della terra, la costituzione dell’atmosfera e il ruolo di Dio negli eventi terreni.

Parole chiave: terremoto di Giamaica del 1692, teorie sismologiche, scienza e reli­gione, storia atlantica, Impero britannico.

In June 1692, the island of Jamaica experienced a catastrophic earthquake, all but destroying the town of Port Royal. For the intellectuals of the Royal Society in London, this event presented an unprecedented opportunity to study the causes of seismic phenomena and to test theories involving subterranean combustion. What made this episode even more disturbing and fascinating, however, was that many in England believed the disaster to be somehow connected to subsequent tremors in north-western Europe. This conclusion was largely a consequence of the way in which information about the events circulated. Obtaining details about these seismic episodes from personal correspondents, government connections and printed pamphlets, the natural philosophers of the Royal Society tried to imagine how an earthquake could travel across the seas to shake distant lands. In doing so, they debated the possibilities of underground chemical reactions, the nature of motion, and the operations of divine providence. These early attempts to theorise about earthquake propagation challenged [...]

Le Royal Society, Port Royal and the Great Trans-Atlantic Earthquake of 1692

Louis D. Gerdelan

  • Pagine:   845-874
  • Prezzo:   7,00 
  • DOI:   10.7375/96516
In breve

In June 1692, the island of Jamaica experienced a catastrophic earthquake, all but destroying the town of Port Royal. For the intellectuals of the Royal Society in London, this event presented an unprecedented opportunity to study the causes of seismic phenomena and to test theories involving subterranean combustion. What made this episode even more disturbing and fascinating, however, was that many in England believed the disaster to be somehow connected to subsequent tremors in north-western Europe. This conclusion was largely a consequence of the way in which information about the events circulated. Obtaining details about these seismic episodes from personal correspondents, government connections and printed pamphlets, the natural philosophers of the Royal Society tried to imagine how an earthquake could travel across the seas to shake distant lands. In doing so, they debated the possibilities of underground chemical reactions, the nature of motion, and the operations of divine providence. These early attempts to theorise about earthquake propagation challenged deep-rooted ideas about the narrowness of seismic zones by producing creative visions of global interconnections. More­over, exploring the mystery of the alleged trans-Atlantic earthquake spurred think­ing about the deep structure of the earth, the constitution of the atmosphere, and God’s role in earthly events.

Keywords: 1692 Jamaica earthquake, history of seismology, science and religion, Atlantic history, British Empire.

In June 1692, the island of Jamaica experienced a catastrophic earthquake, all but destroying the town of Port Royal. For the intellectuals of the Royal Society in London, this event presented an unprecedented opportunity to study the causes of seismic phenomena and to test theories involving subterranean combustion. What made this episode even more disturbing and fascinating, however, was that many in England believed the disaster to be somehow connected to subsequent tremors in north-western Europe. This conclusion [...]