Francesco Barbagallo, Commiato
(pagine: 723-724)
DOI: 10.7375/85877
Abstract
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29K |
Alessandro Pastore, Medicina, diritto e circolazione delle idee. François-Emmanuel Fodéré (1764-1835) tra Francia e Italia
(pagine: 725-752)
DOI: 10.7375/85878
Abstract Alessandro Pastore, Medicine, law and the flow of ideas. François-Emmanuel Fodéré (1764-1835) between France and Italy
This paper focuses on the impact made by François-Emmanuel Fodéré’s writings
on nineteenth-century Italian medical culture, with particular attention to forensic
medicine and public health. The first part of this article analyses some scientific
and medical journals published in Italy, and shows how Fodéré’s works are presented,
summarized, and discussed. The second part explores Fodéré’s writings translated
into Italian, examining the translators’ notes, supplements, and comments. The
last part of the paper describes some medical and legal treatises that pay attention
to or criticize Fodéré’s Les lois éclairées par les sciences physiques ou traité de Médecine
Légale et d’hygiène publique (1798). Lastly, I will argue that the controversial legacy
of Fodéré and the «new» legal medicine within the Italian medical culture is closely
connected with the Italian political and intellectual history during the nineteenth
century.
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169K |
Alessandro Tuccillo, «La liberté de penser en hommes». Quaccherismo, tolleranza religiosa e virtù politica nell’Histoire des deux Indes di Raynal
(pagine: 753-772)
DOI: 10.7375/85879
Abstract Alessandro Tuccillo, «La liberté de penser en hommes». Quakerism, religious
tolerance and political virtue in Raynal’s Histoire des deux Indes
This article analyses the chapters dedicated to Pennsylvania in book XVIII of
Histoire des deux Indes by Guillaume-Thomas Raynal (1770, 1774, 1780). These
pages – to which Denis Diderot made a contribution as well – became fundamental
for the construction and circulation of the mythe philosophique of the «good
Quaker».
In Histoire des deux Indes, the representation of the colony founded by William Penn
deals with the complexity of the relationship between utopia and reform in Enlightenment
political thought. Raynal reintroduces the myth of the «good Quaker», developed
by Voltaire in his Lettres philosophiques (1734), in a more radical context.
His work describes European colonial expansion and its development as a political
and philosophical history about freedom; freedom, at its peak in fifteenth-century
Europe, had now moved to Northern America.
Pennsylvania, the Quakers’ colony, is described as a society based on freedom and
religious tolerance. It was a kind of utopia made real, thus becoming the instrument
for denouncing the lack of freedom in Europe and outlining a design for society in which «la liberté de penser en hommes», an essential condition for political virtue,
could be guaranteed.
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110K |
Opinioni e dibattiti Massimiliano Gregorio, Cittadinanza femminile e Costituzione repubblicana
(pagine: 773-796)
DOI: 10.7375/85880
Abstract Massimiliano Gregorio, Women’s citizenship and the Constitution of the
Italian Republic
As is known, the path of women’s emancipation, which developed during the twentieth
century, found a fundamental turning point in democratic constitutions. This
is of course due to the social and political changes of the second postwar period, but
not only. Given that democratic constitutions represent a specific type of constitution
built in opposition to the constitutional thought of the nineteenth century, the essay
will demonstrate that assuming the widest women’s citizenship is an inherent feature
of constitutions of this kind.
With particular reference to Italy, the essay is divided into two parts. The first shows
two main constitutional changes that have been essential to the claim for women’s
citizenship: one related to the subject of law (from the individual to the person) and
the other related to the principle of equality (from formal to substantial equality).
The second part of the essay is dedicated to the dynamic aspect of the constitution,
to its movement. Through the two engines of this movement – the normativity of the
constitution and the political/representative element – it shows how the relationship
between the constitution and women’s citizenship runs both ways. If one of the constitution’s
aims is to empower women’s citizenship, on the other hand the exercise of
a full and conscious female political citizenship is a necessary condition for a healthy
constitutional democracy.
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150K |
Felice Balbo e il suo tempo Giovanni Turbanti, Le riviste di Balbo: da «Voce operaia» a «Terza generazione»
(pagine: 797-822)
DOI: 10.7375/85881
Abstract Giovanni Turbanti, Balbo’s journals: from «Voce Operaia» to «Terza
Generazione»
Among the political experiences that arose in Italy at the end of fascism, one of the
most interesting was that of the Catholic Communist Movement, later the Christian
Party of the Left (PSC), whose leading figures included the philosopher Felice Balbo
(1913-1964). Although the PSC dissolved in December 1945, its members’ intellectual
and political experience continued in a variety of environments and contexts.
Joining the Communist Party as did other former members of the PSC (including
Franco Rodano, Mario Motta, and Luciano Barca), Balbo was for many years one
of the closest collaborators of the publisher Giulio Einaudi. A staunch supporter of
Togliatti’s programme of «progressive democracy» seeking a non-ideological Marxism,
he gradually took his distance from communism after 1948, when the ideological
conflict had become too hardened in Italy. The formulation of a new culture could
only take place outside of those ideological positions that threatened to bring the
country to catastrophe. His intellectual path was expressed through certain journals
that significantly marked Italian cultural life between the 1940s and ’50s: Voce Operaia,
the PSC’s organ, E. Vittorini’s Il Politecnico, Cultura e Realtà, and Terza Generazione.
The article retraces these steps, taking into account both the context and the cultural
significance of the different journals, and Balbo’s intellectual progress through them.
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172K |
Ferruccio Ricciardi, Un filosofo in impresa. Felice Balbo e la fomazione manageriale all'Iri
(pagine: 823-842)
DOI: 10.7375/85882
Abstract Ferruccio Ricciardi, A philosopher in enterprise. Felice Balbo and management
training at IRI
This article deals with a little known aspect of the biography of Felice Balbo, i.e. his
activity as a management training expert at the Institute for Industrial Reconstruction
(IRI) at the turn of the nineteen fifties and sixties. Through a cross-analysis of the
Turinese philosopher’s personal papers and of the IRI archives, an organic thinking
emerges about the theory of corporate management and the main issues related to the
teaching of managerial sciences then coming into being, from how they were taught
to more strictly epistemological aspects. Parallel to philosophical reflection, Balbo’s
contribution to conceiving the first courses for IRI executives responded to the need
to jointly conceive the linkage between technical and social progress, so forcefully
established by the industrial society of Italy’s «economic miracle».
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127K |
Giulia Boringhieri, Balbo all'Einaudi
(pagine: 843-862)
DOI: 10.7375/85883
Abstract Giulia Boringhieri, Felice Balbo’s role at Einaudi
For about ten years after 1941, Felice Balbo played a key role at Giulio Einaudi’s publishing
house as it was establishing its international prestige and extraordinary catalogue.
More than a simple advisor on philosophy, he was one of the publisher’s most
important consultants and played a leading role in the editorial board. His point of
view – which we may call ideologically non-ideological – contributed both to Einaudi’s
aim to build a modern, non-provincial Italian culture, and to the ideological battle
that took place within the publishing house as well as in the country at large. Balbo’s
involvement with Einaudi diminished and finally came to an end as he realized that
he had lost this battle.
Balbo’s and Einaudi’s stories cast light on one another, giving us better insight
into the complex personality of both, in a historical moment when publishers
played an essential role in rebuilding Italy’s democratic and republican culture
after Fascism.
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122K |
Ricerche Maria Elena Cortese, Una convivenza difficile. Castelli e città nell'Italia centro-settentrionale (secc. X-XII)
(pagine: 863-878)
DOI: 10.7375/85884
Abstract Maria Elena Cortese, A difficult coexistence: castles and cities in central and
northern Italy (tenth-twelfth centuries)
In the long period between the tenth and twelfth centuries, an important political
and institutional evolution took place: a new form of collective government (the
commune) arose in the cities of northern and central Italy, and at the same time autonomous
lordships, focused on castles, crystallized in the countryside. They were
powers that inevitably competed for political control over the territory and above
all for control over economic resources. This paper therefore deals with incastellamento,
analyzing it from a specific point of view: the relationships between cities
and the castles built in their districts. Through analysis of the Tuscan situation
and comparison with other particularly significant case-studies (Rome, Ravenna,
Genoa, Milan, and Verona), the development of fortified settlements during the
first phase of incastellamento (tenth-eleventh centuries) in the areas closest to the
cities will be examined, followed by the changes that these networks of settlements underwent with the expansion and consolidation of urban power over the countryside
(twelfth century).
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110K |
Silvia Ferretto, Il dibattito sulle «scole» dei gesuiti a Padova nel XVI secolo
(pagine: 879-900)
DOI: 10.7375/85885
Abstract Silvia Ferretto, The debate on Jesuit scole in sixteenth-century Padua
This study analyses the different steps in the conflict between the Republic of Venice
and the Society of Jesus, which culminated in the closure of the Jesuit scole in Padua
in the late sixteenth century. This episode, already known to researchers, is then studied
through analysis of the unpublished documents conserved at the Paduan State
Archives.
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137K |
Diego Carnevale, Dalla locanda all'albergo. Economia e sociologia dell'accoglienza nella Napoli del Settecento
(pagine: 901-926)
DOI: 10.7375/85886
Abstract Diego Carnevale, From inn to hotel. The economics and sociology of hospitality
in eighteenth-century Naples
The article analyses the development of rented accommodation facilities in the city
of Naples, from the 1740s until the Napoleonic decade. Except for Paris, recent
historiography on mobility and migration has devoted little attention to temporary
accommodations such as hotels, inns, hostels, and rooms for hire. The essay
explores the relationship between these structures and their location in the city, focusing
on the professionals who ran them, the services provided, and lastly the customers
themselves. This has made it possible to detect the gradual differentiation
of facilities in the Neapolitan accommodation market after the arrival of wealthy
travellers and foreign businessmen who spread consumption models originating
in Northern Europe. Alongside the new types of hotels, traditional structures persisted,
accommodating workers and professionals «in transit», but also Neapolitans
without a fixed home.
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8M |
Cristina Setti, Genesi di un ideale: Bruno Dudan e la romanità marittimista
(pagine: 927-946)
DOI: 10.7375/85887
Abstract Cristina Setti, Genesis of an ideal: Bruno Dudan and marittimista Romanity
This article analyses the influence of the «myth of Rome» among Italian intellectual
and academic élites during the era of Mussolini. As it happened, this myth, which
had been the main vehicle of fascist ideology towards the popular masses, affected
the scientific writings of an important Venetian jurist and historian, Bruno Dudan
(1905-1943), whose work constituted a significant corpus of articles and monographs
dedicated to the history of the Republic of Venice and its institutions, with
a particular focus on the Serenissima’s maritime colonies. By examining these publications’
language and recurring themes, an attempt will be made to deconstruct the
interpretative pattern adopted by Dudan to justify the original «Romanity» – and
the consequent «Italianity» – of the Slavic and Greek territories that had once been
subject to Venetian domination and had then become the target of the planned
military expansion towards the Eastern Mediterranean pursued by Mussolini’s regime.
The result of this analysis is an original mythography in some way contradictory
to fascist propaganda because of its complex intertwining with Dudan’s
personal ideals, the spreading Irredentist claims of his era, and the long-standing memories of the «myth of Venice»: along with these elements, in Dudan’s view the
«myth of Rome» constituted not only an ideological framework but a genealogical
background as well.
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133K |
Michele Colucci, L'immigrazione straniera nell'Italia repubblicana: le fasi iniziali e le linee di sviluppo, 1963-1979
(pagine: 947-978)
DOI: 10.7375/85888
Abstract Michele Colucci, Foreign immigration in Republican Italy: early stages and
lines of development, 1963-1979
This paper attempts to investigate the migrations of people to Italy from a historical
point of view, aiming to approach their origins and features through a comparison of
different periods, methodologies and available sources. The main objective is to trace
the historical trends of migration to Italy from the early 1960s to the late 1970s, because
during this time new, original and significant flows of foreign immigrants could
be seen in Italy. In this specific case, the socioeconomic impact and political debate
will be highlighted to frame the spreading phenomenon of immigration within the
broader picture of the history of the Italian Republic and its political, economic and
social framework.
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176K |